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Ascorbic Acid
Also known as: Vitamin C, L-AA
The most bioavailable form of vitamin C. Antioxidant that brightens, fades hyperpigmentation, and supports collagen synthesis. Requires low pH (~3.5) and stabilizes best at 10-20% concentration.
Antioxidant
Neutralises free radicals; requires low-pH formulation.
Antioxidant that brightens dull skin and fades dark spots.
Neutralises free radicals from UV and pollution.
With Salicylic Acid · PH_MISMATCHMEDIUM
Low-pH stacking can over-exfoliate; separate AM/PM when both are active treatments.
With Niacinamide · PH_MISMATCHLOW
Modern formulations coexist, but pairing pure L-ascorbic acid with niacinamide at high strength can flush; a buffered derivative or AM/PM split removes the concern.